Evaluation of the STTNF 360° Virtual Tour System Success based on the Delone and McLean Model using the PLS-SEM Approach

Syifa Rahmatia Ramadhani, Jemiro Kasih

Abstract


This study aims to evaluate the success of the STTNF 360° Virtual Tour System as an information and promotional medium for Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Terpadu Nurul Fikri (STTNF). The system enables prospective users to explore the campus environment virtually; however, its success from the users' perspective has not yet been systematically evaluated. This study adopts a quantitative approach based on the DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Model to examine the effects of System Quality, Information Quality, and Service Quality on Use, User Satisfaction, and Net Benefits. Data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 97 respondents and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS software. The results indicate that System Quality has a significant positive effect on User Satisfaction (t = 2.454, p = 0.014). Furthermore, User Satisfaction has significant positive effects on both Use (t = 4.011, p < 0.001) and Net Benefits (t = 10.129, p < 0.001), whereas the remaining quality constructs do not exhibit statistically significant effects. The coefficient of determination (R²) indicates moderate explanatory power, with values of 0.527 for User Satisfaction, 0.663 for Use, and 0.511 for Net Benefits. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the STTNF 360° Virtual Tour System provides meaningful benefits by enabling users to better understand the campus environment through an immersive virtual experience. These results offer practical insights for STTNF to further improve system quality and optimize the virtual tour as an effective platform for campus information dissemination and promotion.

Keywords


DeLone and McLean; system evaluation; PLS-SEM; user satisfaction; virtual tour 360°

Full Text:

PDF

References


Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia, “APJII Jumlah Pengguna Internet Indonesia Tembus 221 Juta Orang.” [Online]. Available: https://apjii.or.id/berita/d/apjii-jumlah-pengguna-internet-indonesia-tembus-221-juta-orang Accessed: Apr. 17, 2026.

F. Ji, F. Wang, and B. Wu, “How does Virtual Tourism Involvement Impact the Social Education Effect of Cultural Heritage?,” J. Destin. Mark. Manag., Vol. 28, p. 100779, Jun. 2023, DOI: 10.1016/j.jdmm.2023.100779.

A. Wulansari, D. S. Y. Kartika, A. R. E. Najaf, T. L. M. Suryanto, and A. Faroqi, “Analisis Kesuksesan Layanan Digital Perguruan Tinggi menggunakan Model Delone & McLean untuk meningkatkan Kepuasan Pengguna,” J. Sist. Inf. Bisnis, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 153–161, Apr. 2024, DOI: 10.21456/vol14iss2pp153-161.

T. Widyaningrum, Q. Sholihah, and B. S. Haryono, “The Delone and McLean Information System Success Model: Investigating User Satisfaction in Learning Management System,” J. Educ. Technol., Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 86–94, Apr. 2024, DOI: 10.23887/jet.v8i1.71080.

F. Rokhman, H. Mukhibad, B. Bagas Hapsoro, and A. Nurkhin, “E-Learning Evaluation during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era based on the Updated of Delone and McLean Information Systems Success Model,” Cogent Educ., Vol. 9, No. 1, p. 2093490, Dec. 2022, DOI: 10.1080/2331186X.2022.2093490.

R. Setiawan, M. Faturrahman, Y. Septiana, D. Tresnawati, and A. Sutedi, “Enhancing the Usability of ITG Virtual Tour Website Through UI/UX Design using the Five Planes Method,” Teknika, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 197–204, Jul. 2025, DOI: 10.34148/teknika.v14i2.1227.

A. R. Arwin, F. Ferawati, and N. L. B. Laela, “Evaluation of DAPODIK Information Technology Usage using the DeLone and McLean Model,” JSAI J. Sci. Appl. Inform., Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 357–364, Jun. 2025, DOI: 10.36085/jsai.v8i2.8405.

A. D. Samala, F. Ranuharja, B. R. Fajri, Y. Indarta, and W. Agustiarmi, “ViCT—Virtual Campus Tour Environment with Spherical Panorama: A Preliminary Exploration,” Int. J. Interact. Mob. Technol. IJIM, Vol. 16, No. 16, pp. 205–225, Aug. 2022, DOI: 10.3991/ijim.v16i16.32889.

M. R. Wiryawan and S. S. Nuraisyah, “Development of Interactive Virtual Tour based on 360-Degree Panorama Technology at the Bandung City Museum,” Int. J. Quant. Res. Model., Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 294–300, Dec. 2023, DOI: 10.46336/ijqrm.v4i4.548.

A. Choiron and R. Hamidan, “UX Analysis of the Virtual Tour 360 Application at Universitas Dr. Soetomo Campus,” J. Appl. Inform. Comput., Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 73–78, Jan. 2025, DOI: 10.30871/jaic.v9i1.8813.

S. Syukur, S. S. E. Dewie, and S. Oktarina, “Museum Virtual Tour Development using 3D Vista as a History Learning Source,” J. Pedagogi dan Pembelajaran, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 373–383, Nov. 2022, DOI: 10.23887/jp2.v5i3.51494.

A. Sutiyono, S. Bakhri, Ulyanti, D. R. Ningsih, and F. Syukur, “Assessing E-learning Systems using the DeLone & McLean and Technology Acceptance Models,” J. Penelit. Pendidik. IPA, Vol. 10, No. 12, pp. 10001–10012, Dec. 2024, DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v10i12.8790.

J. Rodríguez, M. I. Lamas, and L. Castro-Santos, “Scientific Advances and Applications of 360 Tours in the XXI Century,” Societies, Vol. 15, No. 4, p. 74, Apr. 2025, DOI: 10.3390/soc15040074.

W. Pratiwi, A. Pratama, and A. Wulansari, “Evaluasi Keberhasilan Implementasi Learning Management System Sekolah menggunakan Model Delone dan McLean,” JOISIE J. Inf. Syst. Inform. Eng., Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 269–276, Jul. 2025, DOI: 10.35145/joisie.v9i1.5055.

N. F. Cahyono, A. Faroqi, and E. M. Safitri, “Analisis Faktor Kesuksesan Sistem Digitalisasi Manajemen Sekolah menggunakan Delone & McLan Model (Studi Kasus: SMPN 5 SIDOARJO),” J. INSTEK Inform. Sains Dan Teknol., Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 156–166, May 2025, DOI: 10.24252/instek.v10i1.55595.

Harfizar, M. W. Wicaksono, M. B. Hakim, F. H. Wijaya, T. Saleh, and E. Sana, “Analyzing the Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Digital Innovation: A SmartPLS Approach,” IAIC Trans. Sustain. Digit. Innov. ITSDI, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 108–116, Feb. 2024, DOI: 10.34306/itsdi.v5i2.659.

I. M. Sudiksa, K. E. Sutrisni, and N. Sunarta, “Analisis Data Penelitian Teknologi Pembelajaran: Perbandingan Hasil antara WARPPLS, SMARTPLS, AMOS, dan SPSS dengan Jumlah Sampel Sedang,” J. Teknol. Pembelajaran Indones., Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 93–102, Apr. 2024, DOI: 10.23887/jurnal_tp.v14i1.3424.

I. Y. Alyoussef, “Acceptance of e-Learning in Higher Education: The Role of Task-Technology Fit with the Information Systems Success Model,” Heliyon, Vol. 9, No. 3, Mar. 2023, DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13751.

H. C. Reyes, C. Lara-Alvarez, E. Parra-González, and K. Villalba-Condori, “Virtual Tours to Facilities for Educational Purposes: A Review,” TEM J., pp. 1725–1731, Aug. 2023, DOI: 10.18421/TEM123-55.

D. Petousi et al., “Revealing Unknown Aspects: Sparking Curiosity and Engagement with a Tourist Destination through a 360-Degree Virtual Tour,” Multimodal Technol. Interact., Vol. 7, No. 5, p. 51, May 2023, DOI: 10.3390/mti7050051.

A. Nurfikri, A. Sujjada, and D. S. Simatupang, “Virtual Tour Panorama 360° sebagai Media Informasi Kampus Universitas Nusa Putra,” J. CoSciTech Comput. SCI. Inf. Technol., Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 724–732, 2023, DOI: 10.37859/coscitech.v4i3.6341.

R. Pambudi, B. Berlilana, and G. Karyono, “Analisis Kesuksesan Pengguna Website E-Learning menggunakan Model DeLone & McLean,” Decode J. Pendidik. Teknol. Inf., Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 948–967, Nov. 2024, DOI: 10.51454/decode.v4i3.683.

R. S. Alotaibi and S. M. Alshahrani, “An Extended DeLone and McLean’s Model to Determine the Success Factors of e-Learning Platform,” PeerJ Comput. SCI., Vol. 8, p. e876, Jun. 2022, DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.876.

M. Ahmad and S. Wilkins, “Purposive Sampling in Qualitative Research: A Framework for the Entire Journey,” Qual. Quant. Int. J. Methodol., Vol. 59, No. 2, pp. 1461–1479, 2025, DOI: 10.1007/s11135-024-02022-5.

K. Y. Wuryanto, M. A. E. Ramdhani, R. I. Nugraha, and A. Wulansari, “Evaluasi Keberhasilan SIAMIK UPN‘Veteran’ Jawa Timur dengan Pendekatan Information System Success Model Delone and McLean,” SUBMIT J. Ilm. Teknol. Infomasi dan Sains, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 8–14, Jun. 2023, DOI: 10.36815/submit.v3i1.2662.

J. Hair and A. Alamer, “Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in Second Language and Education Research: Guidelines using an Applied Example,” Res. Methods Appl. Linguist., Vol. 1, No. 3, p. 100027, Dec. 2022, DOI: 10.1016/j.rmal.2022.100027.

S. Vaithilingam, C. S. Ong, O. I. Moisescu, and M. S. Nair, “Robustness Checks in PLS-SEM: A Review of Recent Practices and Recommendations for Future Applications in Business Research,” J. Bus. Res., Vol. 173, p. 114465, Feb. 2024, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114465.

F. Magno, F. Cassia, and C. M. Ringle, “A Brief Review of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) use in Quality Management Studies,” TQM J., Vol. 36, No. 5, pp. 1242–1251, Dec. 2022, DOI: 10.1108/TQM-06-2022-0197.

V. Sarasi, I. Chaerudin, and I. A. Sundoro, “The DeLone and McLean Model for Measuring Success in Online Learning Systems: Indonesian Evidence,” J. Educ. Learn. EduLearn, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 566–574, Nov. 2023, DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v17i4.20839.

P. A. Suryantari, A. Safira, K. S. N. Arimawan, S. K. Anita Wulansari, and S. I Gusti Ayu Sri Deviyanti, “Implementation of Delone & Mclean is Success Model as an Evaluation of Resource Management Information System at Dapoer Widya,” IJEEIT Int. J. Electr. Eng. Inf. Technol., Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 63–72, Sep. 2023, DOI: 10.29138/ijeeit.v6i2.2256.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.32520/stmsi.v15i6.6407

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 0 times
PDF - 0 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.